Jamaica (pronounced
/dʒəˈmeɪkə/) is an
island nation of the
Greater Antilles, 234 kilometres (145 mi) in length and as much as 80 kilometres (50 mi) in width situated in the
Caribbean Sea. It is about 145 kilometres (90 mi) south of
Cuba, and 190 kilometres (120 mi) west of the
island of
Hispaniola, on which
Haiti and the
Dominican Republic are situated. Its
indigenous Arawakan-speaking
Taíno inhabitants named the island
Xaymaca, meaning the "Land of Wood and Water", or the "Land of Springs".
Formerly a
Spanish possession known as
Santiago, it later became the British Crown colony of Jamaica. It is the third most populous
anglophone country in North America, after the
United States and
Canada. It remains a
Commonwealth realm.
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